Wednesday, September 22, 2010

Vines of Berrien County, Michigan

Credit: Oriental Bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculata), courtesy of USDA Forest Service.
Vines constitute a particular growth form (or habit) of vascular plants. Plants USDA defines a vine as follows:
Twining/climbing plant with relatively long stems, can be woody or herbaceous.
The vines of Berrien County constitute a subset of the monocots and dicots known from the county.

Of the 48 species listed below, 13 occur only as vines; 27 can also be forbs/herbs under certain conditions; 3 can be subshrubs; 2 can be shrubs; 1 can be a forb/herb or subshrub; 1 can be a subshrub or shrub; and 1 can be a forb/herb, subshrub, or shrub, depending on conditions. These 48 species represent 27 genera, 19 families, 16 orders, and 2 classes.

Scientific and common names follow the online USDA Plants database. Species known to occur in Berrien County only as a result of human Introduction are denoted by [I]. Species for which there is a question as to their Native or Introduced origin are denoted [I?].

Species that have been determined to be of Special Plants in Michigan are denoted as follows: [SC] = Special Concern, [T] = Threatened.

Growth habits are denoted as follows: {f/b} = forb/herb, {ss} = subshrub [=dwarf shrub], {s} = shrub, {v} = vine (woody plus herbaceous). Species known to have woody stems are denoted with a {W}.

CLASS LILIOPSIDA (monocots)
ORDER LILIALES

Family Dioscoreaceae (yams):
  • Dioscorea vollosa, Wild Yam (f/h/v}

    Family Smilacaceae (catbriers):
  • Smilax ecirrhata, Upright Carrionflower {f/h/v}
  • Smilax illinoensis, Illinois Greenbrier {f/h/v}
  • Smilax lasioneura, Blue Ridge Carrionflower {f/h/v}
  • Smilax rotundifolia, Roundleaf Greenbrier (s/v}
  • Smilax tamnoides, Bristly Greenbrier (s/v} {W}
  • CLASS MAGNOLIOPSIDA (dicots)
    ORDER CELASTRALES

    Family Celastraceae (bittersweet family):
  • Celastrus orbiculata, Oriental Bittersweet [I] {v} {W}
  • Celastrus scandens, American Bittersweet {v} {W}
  • Euonymus obovatus (=obovata), Running Strawberry Bush {ss/s/v}

    ORDER DIPSACALES

    Family Caprifoliaceae (honeysuckle family):
  • Lonicera dioica, Limber Honeysuckle {v} {W}
  • Lonicera japonica, Japanese Honeysuckle [I] {v} {W}

    ORDER GENTIANALES

    Family Apocynaceae (dogbane family):
  • Vinca minor, Common Periwinkle [I] {f/h/v} {W}

    ORDER PAPAVERALES

    Family Fumariaceae (fumitory family):
  • Adlumia fungosa, Allegheny Vine [SC] {f/h/v}

    ORDER POLYGALALES

    Family Polygonaceae (buckwheat family):
  • Polygonum arifolium, Halberdleaf Tearthumb {f/h/v}
  • Polygonum cilinode, Fringed Black Bindweed {f/h/v}
  • Polygonum convolvulus, Black Bindweed [I] {f/h/v}
  • Polygonum sagittatum, Arrowleaf Tearthum {f/h/v}
  • Polygonum scandens, Climbing False Buckwheat [I?] {f/h/v}

    ORDER RANUNCULALES

    Family Menispermaceae (moonseed family):
  • Menispermum canadense, Common Moonseed {v} {W}

    Family Ranunculaceae (buttercup family):
  • Clematis virginiana, Devil’s Darning Needles {v} {W}

    ORDER RHAMNALES

    Family Vitaceae (grape family):
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia (including inserta), Virginia Creeper {v} {W}
  • Vitis aestivalis, Summer Grape {v} {W}
  • Vitis labrusca, Fox Grape {v} {W}
  • Vitis riparia, Riverbank Grape {v} {W}
  • Vitis vulpina, Frost Grape [T] {v} {W}

    ORDER ROSALES

    Family Rosaceae (rose family):
  • Rosa multiflora, Multiflora Rose [I] {ss/v} {W}
  • Rosa setigera, Climbing Rose {ss/v} {W}
  • Rubus laciniatus, Cutleaf Blackberry [I] {ss/v} {W}

    ORDER RUBIALES

    Family Rubiaceae (madder family):
  • Galium aparine, Stickywilly {f/h/v}
  • Galium trifidum, Threepetal Bedstraw {f/h/v}
  • Galium verum, Yellow Spring Bedstraw [I] {f/h/v}

    ORDER SAPINDALES

    Family Anacardiaceae (sumac family):
  • Toxicodendron radicans, Eastern Poison Ivy {f/h/ss/s/v} {W}

    ORDER SCROPHULARIALES

    Family Bignoniaceae (trumpet-creeper family):
  • Campsis radicans, Trumpet Creeper {v} {W}

    ORDER SOLANALES

    Family Convolvulaceae (morning-glory family):
  • Calystegia sepsium, Hedge False Bindweed [I?] {f/h/v}
  • Calystegia silvatica, Shortstalk False Bindweed [I?] {f/h/v}
  • Convolvulus arvensis, Field Bindweed [I] {v}
  • Ipomoea pandurata, Man of the Earth [T] {f/h/v}
  • Ipomoea purpurea, Tall Morning-glory [I] {f/h/v}

    Family Cuscutaceae (dodder family):
  • Cuscuta campestris, Fiveangled Dodder^ [SC] {f/h/v}
  • Cuscuta cephalanthi, Buttonbush Dodder {f/h/v}
  • Cuscuta glomerata, Rope Dodder [SC (last observed 1906)] {f/h/v}
  • Cuscuta grovoni, Scaldweed {f/h/v}

    Family Solanaceae (potato family):
  • Solanum dulcamara, Climbing Nightshade [I] {f/h/ss/v}

    ORDER URTICALES

    Family Cannabaceae (hemp family):
  • Humulus lupulus, Common Hop [I?] {f/h/v}

    ORDER VIOLALES

    Family Cucurbitaceae (cucumber family):
  • Citrullus lanatus, Watermelon [I] {f/h/v}
  • Cucurbita foetidissima, Missouri Gourd {f/h/v}
  • Echinocystis lobata, Wild Cucumber {f/h/v}
  • Sicyos angulatus, Oneseed Bur Cucumber {f/h/v}
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